Aeroplane.



G. STAIB.

ABROPLANB.

APPLI 0ATION FILED JUNE 12, 1909.

' 1,033,287. Patented July 23, 1912.

4 BHBETE-SHEBT 1.

G. STAIB.

ABBOPLNE.

APPLICATION FILED JUN; 12, 1909. 1,033,287. Patllted July 23, 1912.

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AEBOPLANE.

ArrLlou'xon FILED man 12, 1909.

1,033,287. Patented July 23, 1912.

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AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, 1909.

Patented July 23, 1912.

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GUs'rav erm, or Pour RICHMOND, NEW Yoan.

AERQPLANE.

Specieacioii.o1l Letters Iiatvent.

application filed .rune 12, 1909; semi no. 501,698.

Patented July 23,1912;

concern;

Toal'lwhomz-'twggqh v Be it known at I, -GUs'rAv STAIB, aI

citizen of the United States, and resident of Port Richmond, inthe countyof Richmond .and State of New York, have invented cer-A tain new and useful Improvements in Aeroplanes, of which the following'is a` specifica tion. My invention relates to improvements in aeroplanes having -a plurality of vsuperimposed vplanes with means for propelling thesame, and the object of my invention is to provide means for causing the aeroplane to rise and descend while -maintaining its normal position o r balance in the air, that is to say, without requiring the aeroplane to be tilted for the purpose of causing its upward or downward direc-tion of flight to be altered.- Also to provide means for readily steering the aeroplane, as from right to `left of `its course,withoutaltering `its normal position of balance in the air.

My invention comprises the novel details of improvement and combinations ofy arts that will be more fully hereinafter set orth and then pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to behad to the accompanying 'drawings-forming part hereof, wherein.

Figure l is a perspective view, diagram'- matically illustrating an aeroplane embody- .ing my improvements; Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof; Fig. 3 is an end view; Fig. 4 is a plan view of the lower plane, the upper plane `being removed; Fig.l 5 is a cross section on t-he line 5, 5, in Fig. 2; Fig. 6 is a perspective View diagrammatically illustratinga portion of the aeroplane; Fig. 7 is an `enlarged detail' end View of one of the vanes, and Fig. 8 is a detail 'side view thereof. Y

Similar numerals of reference indicate p corresponding parts in the several views.

The numerals 1, 2 indicate upper and' pose may be provided.

plane, but in line Awith the. s aces between andl the openings 6 at the rear lof 'the upper 'i I the forward openings '6. :A ined wither Within openings 6, v6 are what Ifterm vanes 7, 7. respectively, which vanes serve fthe .functionof the sheet 5 of the plane in" aiding to support the aeroplane during .its fl1ght,-vw-hile also-serving in. causing upward or downward movement of the aeroplane durin its flight. lTh'e vanes Ihave shown are p1votal1y supported to swing within or in line with openings 6, 6*. 4Said, vanes are shown in hollow curved form, with the concave surfaces downward, and may be formed of pairs of rods 8 at the forward and rear portions,shown curved transversely of the aeroplane, and connected by cross bars 8a and by longitudinally extending braces or rods 8". The frames 8 are covered by fabric or other suitablevmaterial 9A secured thereto in suitable manner, forming vanes that open .from front to rear. their ends the vanes 7, 7 are fshownjpivotally supported transversely ofthe ldirection of flight upon the adjacent bars 4," as by pivots 10 suitably connected with the va`n'es Attv and journaled in bearings 11 on bars 4,

whereby the vanes may be tilted upwardly and downwardly. Suitable means ma be provided for tilting the vanes 7, 7a an for holding them in set position. For this urpose I Vhave shown a rotative post 12 pivot"- ally supported uponI the floorboard 18tof the lower plane, which post is'shown pro vided with an operating wheel 12IIL and' with arms or projections 14 connected by cords or the like 15,16 with opposite ends of the cor responding vane, sai cords passing over pulleys 17 attached to the respective bars 4, the arrangements being such that when post 12 is rotatedto the right or to the left, the vanes 7, 7 will simultaneously be tilted upwardly or downwardly substantially to corresponding extent. I have shown means for holding post 12 in setposition comprising a disk 17 on said post provided with holes 17a to receive a spring-actuated dog or pedal 18 pivotally supported upon floor board 13, although other suitable means for this pur- At a point below the upper plane, as between the Vtwo planes, I have shown vanes 20, 20at which may be made in manner substantially as described with respect to vanes 7, 7a and arranged in similar relation with respect to the planes, the vanes 20, 20'L being or the like 23, 24, that connect with the forward and rearward ends respectively of the vanes 20, 20 for tilting said vanes as required. The posts 21, 21'* may be held in set position in manner described with respect to post 12, as by the apertured disk 25 secured to the postand receiving spring-actuated dog 26 orpedal ivotally supported upon floor board 14. propeller` 26 having its shaft 27 journaled in suitable bearings upon the lower plane and operated by a suitable motor, indicated at 28, carried by the lower plane, may be operated in well known manner for propelling the aeroplane.

With all the vanes set substantially parallel with the upper and lower planes and the motor operated the aeroplane lwill be caused to fly through the air in well known manner. When it is desired to cause the aeroplane to rise the vanes 7, 7a are tilted upwardly to the desired extent`in the direction of the flight, and the air then encouritering the under surface of the vanes at an angle to the plane of flight the aeroplane will thereby be caused to rise while it maintains its 4substantially horizontal position in the air, the angles at which theplanes 7 ,-7

are tilted upwardly serving to regulate the rise of the aeroplane, and the vanes 7, 7a also serve in the nature of sustaining planes so that notwithstanding the openings 6, 6a in the upper plane the vanes 7, 7 serve to a large extent in the nature of the fabric 5. When the aeroplane is advancing forwardly in a substantially horizontal direction, the vanes 7, 7il will be maintained parallell to the planes. When it is desired to cause the aeroplane to descend the vanes 7, 7 will be tilted downwardly the desired amount whereby the air striking the upper surface of the planes will cause the aeroplane to dcscend at the desired angle while the aero-l plane maintains its balance and substantially horizontal position in the air. -As the forward vanes 7 are not in line with .the rear vanes 7 the full benefit of said vanes is obtained as neither vane in front interferes with `the air reaching vanes at the rear. When it is desired to steer the aeroplane to the .right or left, irrespective of whether the saine be rising or descending in accordance with the angular position of planes 7 7, one or both of the vanes 20, 20a will be tilted upwardly or downwardly at such an angle to the aeroplane as will present an obstruction to the air. For inst-ance, if it be desired to steer to the right, then the plane 20, wi be turned to an angle to the vertical,- whil the vane 20 is maintained inasubstantiall horizontal position or if it be desired t steer to the'left then vane 20 will beadjusi ed to he desired angle and vane 20'L will b maintained substantially horizontal, an such obstruction thus presented tothe airea one end of the aeroplane'will cause thesam to swing aroundy to the desired extent, vwhil the other steering vane continues to serve a a plane to aid in supporting'the aeroplani By simultaneously turnin both vanes 2( 20 to the desired angle with respect to th aero lane, resistance maybe presented t the orward progress of the aero lane ser: ing in the nature of a brake. By avi-ng th vanes ;7 at one edge of the aeroplane and th vanes 7" at the opposite. edge, the forwarvanes being outof line with the rearwar vanes in the direction of flight, the equilil rium of the aeroplane is not disturbedb such vanes, as the lifting effect of such van( during flight is equalized.

Wh1le I have shown an aeroplane con' prising two planes :it will be understood tha any desired number of superimposed plane may be provided.

I have illustrated my'improvements sul stantially indiagrammatic form for co1 venience of illustration, but it will be undei stood that full advantage may be taken i the details of construction of devices we known in the art, and my vinvention is n( limited lto the particular arrangements se forthas the same maybe varied, within th scope of the appended claims, without de parting from the spirit of my invention.

v Having now described my invention wha I claim is 1. An aeroplane having a main plane prt vided with openings at one edge space apart and an lopening at 'the opposite edg out of alinement with the first named oper ings in the direction of flight, and a plt rality of substantially bow shaped vanes i line with the first .named openings and ai ranged with their convex surfaces extend ing upwardly above the main plane, an

spaced apart, and a similar vane alined witl the space between the first named vanes an.` extending above the main plane in line wit. the second named opening, said vanes bein. pivoted on axes extending transversely, an; means to adjust said vanes up and down a an angle .to the direction of Hight.

2. An aeroplane comprising-a plane hav ing a plurality of openings spaced apart a one end and one or'more openings at th other end out of line with the first name openings and in line with the space betwee: said o enings, vanes pivotally supported i'.- line with said openings and projecting abov .said plane, and means to adjust -sai vane 'at angles to said frame, whereby the air our rents engaged by the rear vanes will not be interfered with by the air currents engaged by the forward vanes.

3. An aeroplane comprising a plurality of planes spaced apart and secured together, the upper plane having openings `spaced apart at one end and an opening at the opposite end in line with the space between the irst named openings, vanes pivotally supported in line with said openings, and means for adjusting said vanes at an angle to the direction of Hight.

4. An aeroplane comprising upper vand lower planes spaced apart and secured together, the upper plane bein provided with bars secured together, fabric connected to said'bars covering the spaces between certain of said bars, spaces between other of said bars at each end fore and after of the machine being open, the spaces at one end of the plane being out of line with the space at the opposite end, vanes pivotally attached to said bars in line with such openings, and means for controlling said vanes at will.

5. An aeroplane comprising a plurality of planes spaced apart and secured together,

a plurality of vanes carried by the Vupper plane and out of transverse line with each other, means for simultaneously adjustin said vanes, a plurality of vanes supported below the upper plane, and means for separately adjusting said lower vanes.

6. An aeroplane comprising upper and lower planes spaced apart and secured together, vanes pivotally supported by the upper plane adapted to be adjusted up and down, means for operating said vanes, a plurality of vanes located in the space below the upper plane at opposite sides of the aeroplane and pivotally supported to be tilted up and down, and means for sepa rately adjusting said last named vanes.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York this 10th day of June, A. D. 1909.

GUSTAV ST AIB.

Witnesses:

RALPH H. RAPHAEL, T. F. BoURNE. 

